ANATOMY AT A GLANCE
Heberden’s osteoarthritis affects the end joint nearest the nail. Cartilage loss and bony outgrowths can change the joint.
Typical symptoms
The joints nearest the fingernails are affected. Bony bumps, pain and stiffness can involve several fingers.
How is the cause assessed?
Examination assesses the end joints, movement and bony bumps. X-rays can show joint changes. The size of a swelling does not reliably indicate symptom severity.
Consider other causes
Other joint diseases and the effects of injury may also be responsible. New marked redness and warmth should be assessed.
Treatment options
Without surgery
Warmth, joint protection and clinician-advised topical pain relief may ease symptoms.
Surgical options
For severe pain or instability, joint fusion may occasionally be discussed.
Suitable treatment depends on the confirmed diagnosis, examination findings and your individual needs.
When to seek an examination
Arrange assessment for pain affecting daily life or increasing loss of movement. Bony bumps alone do not automatically require surgery.
Sources & editorial status
British Society for Surgery of the Hand (BSSH)