ANATOMY AT A GLANCE
A ganglion is a fluid-filled swelling that may connect to a joint capsule or tendon sheath.
Typical symptoms
The rounded lump often feels firm and springy. Its size may fluctuate; some ganglia cause little or no discomfort. Weight bearing through the wrist may be painful.
How is the cause assessed?
Examination distinguishes a ganglion from other swellings. Ultrasound may help if the findings are unclear. Do not puncture it yourself or strike it.
Consider other causes
Other swellings can look similar. A new or unexplained lump should be examined before it is identified as a ganglion.
Treatment options
Without surgery
If it is not troublesome, observation is often enough. Painful cysts may prompt activity changes and a treatment discussion.
Surgical options
Aspiration or surgery may be considered for troublesome cysts; recurrence is possible.
Suitable treatment depends on the confirmed diagnosis, examination findings and your individual needs.
When to seek an examination
Seek assessment for an unexplained lump, pain or loss of function. A confirmed ganglion causing little trouble can often be observed.
Sources & editorial status
British Society for Surgery of the Hand (BSSH)